International multimodal transport of China's containers
Time：2014-11-13
In recent years, in order to meet the development needs of China's foreign trade and transportation, China has begun to adopt international multimodal transport in some countries and regions. At present, the international multimodal transport route of our country mainly includes the intermodal transport line between China and the mainland of Japan, the mainland of the United States, the mainland of Africa, the mainland of Western Europe, and the mainland of Australia, as well as the transport lines of Siberia land bridge through Mongolia or the former Soviet Union to Iran and the West and North European countries. The container transportation business of Siberia continental bridge has developed rapidly. At present, it is maintained around 10000 standard cases each year. In China, the main transport of Siberia continental bridge is iron / iron (Transrail). Three ways of iron / sea (Transea), iron / card (Tracons), and specific transportation routes are illustrated in Figure 8. Tutu In addition to the above developed transport routes, new intermodal lines are developing, including the new Eurasia Bridge. In September 12, 1990, as the Lanxin railway in China joined the Kazakhstan railway, the second continental bridges connecting Asia and Europe formally passed through. The new Eurasian Continental Bridge East of China from Lianyungang, West to Holland Rotterdam, through kazakx but, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, tajikis, Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany and Holland, and other countries, the length of 10900km. The land bridge provides a convenient international channel for Asia Europe to develop international multimodal transport. From the Far East to Western Europe, the distance of 8000km is shortened by the new Eurasian Continental Bridge over the whole sea route through the Suez canal, and the distance of 11000km is shorter than that through the Panama Canal. The distance between the Far East to Central Asia, the central and Near East, and the new Eurasian Continental Bridge is shorter than that of the Siberia continental bridge. The distance between them is 2700km ~ 3300km. The opening of the land bridge transport line will help to ease the tension of Siberia's mainland bridge capacity. The new Eurasian Continental Bridge passes through two main lines of Longhai and Lanxin railway in China, with a total length of 4131km. In Xuzhou, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Baoji and Lanzhou, it is connected with Beijing Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou, Jiao Liu, Baocheng, Baotou, Baotan and other important railway trunk lines. It has a vast hinterland (as shown in the picture). The new Eurasian Continental Bridge was officially operated in 1993. At this point, the goods shipped to Europe and central and near east of the Yaka region could be shipped to the Lianyungang bridge in China. After the ARA mountain pass in the Western China border station, the goods were transported to kazakx, but at the border station of the country, it was transported to the border station and port by the CIS railway, and then transported to Western Europe through railway, road and sea. Eastern Europe, northern Europe and the central and Near East countries. In Europe and the countries of the Middle East, the goods shipped to the Asia region can be transported through the CIS railway into the aralashan gate of the Western China border station and transported to Lianyungang by Chinese railway, and then transshipped to Japan, South Korea, Hongkong, Taiwan and Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia and other countries and regions. Definition of container As for the definition of containers, there are some differences between experts and scholars at home and abroad over the years. The definition of container is introduced with the international organization for Standardization (ISO). The international organization for Standardization (ISO) defines the container as "container is a kind of transport equipment, which should meet the following requirements:" (1) durability, strong strength enough for repeated use; (2) specially designed for the purpose of transporting goods, and it is not necessary to make transshipment in one or more modes of transportation. (3) equipped with easy handling and handling devices, especially for transferring from one mode of transportation to another. (4) attention should be paid to loading or emptying goods when designing. (5) square meters or more than 1 square meters. The term container does not include vehicles or traditional packaging. At present, China, Japan, the United States, France and other countries in the world have introduced the definition of the international organization for standardization. In addition to the definition of ISO, the definition of container under the container Customs Convention (CCC), the international container safety convention (CSC), the national standard of the United Kingdom and the North American Pacific liner association is basically the same. The above definition is quoted in our national standard GB1992-85 container terms.
